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Plants Are Therapy

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Book by Elvin McDonald co. 1976

Okay, I’m not suggesting that you cancel your therapist appointment or stop taking your anti-depressant, but plants can help with the everyday stress we all have. I have a magnet on my refrigerator that reads “I most often find that happiness is right where I planted it.” 


That is so true! My favorite thing to do is groom my houseplants; repotting them, cleaning them, and pruning off any dead leaves. It’s a soothing, rewarding hobby (obsession?) for me. What can plants do for us, other than provide food, shade, oxygen, and clothing? Plants can improve moods, make one more productive, and relax us.

Does this all sound too good to be true? Does it sound like a bunch of mumbo jumbo? Well, I’m not making this up. People go to college to get degrees in Horticultural Therapy. Michigan State University gave the first undergraduate degree in Horticulture Therapy in 1955. Where did this concept come from? In the late 1950’s, Alice Burlingame established horticultural therapy programs with volunteers from garden clubs, and taught classes at the Pontiac State Hospital for their employees. The American Horticultural Therapy Association defines horticulture therapy as, “a process utilizing plants and horticultural activities to improve social, educational, psychological, and physical adjustment of persons thus improving their body, mind, and spirit.”



How many plants and flowers have you taken to people in the hospital? It’s the normal practice, but why? If you’ve ever been in the hospital, you know that when visitors arrive with plants or flowers, it brightens your day. Many hospitals now have beautiful atriums filled with plants where patients and their families can go to relax, recuperate, and meditate. 

University of Michigan atrium



 When I had surgery at the University of Michigan Hospital, I was wheeled down to the atrium many times. Hospitals are so white and sterile and cold. Going to a place filled with the sound of water, the green of plants, and the aroma of soil made all the difference. It made me feel at home, and many other people were there enjoying it as well.  Of course, my friends filled my room with plants (not cut flowers) as they know I can’t live without a plant or two (or 500) around me. 











U of M atrium


Hospital plants or therapy as I saw it.






Hospital plants





















Hospital plants and a bird too.


Atrium at Henry Ford West Bloomfield hospital

 The new Henry Ford Hospital in West Bloomfield also has incorporated a beautiful atrium into its newly built hospital. I talked to Rebekah, the Director of Public Relations, and she informed me that it contains over 3000 plants and was installed as a place for people to visit and relax in. The hospital has also installed a greenhouse on the grounds where they grow vegetables and herbs hydroponically for use in their restaurant and inpatient food program.  Horticultural therapy is also practiced in the greenhouse with some patients.





Henry Ford hospital atrium


While visiting New York this spring, my daughter and I visited her friend living in Brooklyn. She had left friends and family to start a new job. She had one small plant in her apartment and we joked about the fact that she would call out to it when she walked in the door, “Honey, I’m home!” Everyone needs another living thing to talk to, even if it is a plant. Of course, while at the New York Botanical Garden, I bought her another “friend”. 

New York Botanical Garden gift shop


 As a young mother with a husband working 60-80 hours a week, I found that I needed to get out of the house and interact with other adults. I found a local garden club, of which I’ve been a member for over 20 years. Joining a garden club or plant society brings like-minded people together to discuss their gardens and plants. I have made many new friends by becoming a member of these groups. They usually meet once a month and I look forward to these evenings spent talking about plants with people who are as crazy about them as I am, and sometimes even more so, if that’s possible. One of the many programs my garden club is involved in is a program called Garden Therapy. The members of the garden club go into the special needs classrooms in the Farmington Hills area and make a craft with the children once a month. These crafts always incorporate some form of plant material.  It is a rewarding project for the members and the kids get so excited when they see the “garden ladies” coming.

Corner of my greenhouse (Makes me happy)

Plants in your home are like infants. They depend on you for all their needs, including water, fertilizer, and light. If you take care of their needs, they will reward you with healthy new growth. If they are neglected, they will be dusty, diseased, and probably infested with pests. There is nothing sadder than a poor, dirty, neglected, sick plant. I’ve encountered many of these, mostly at restaurants, and offices and even in people’s homes. Little do they know that that taking care of these plants would probably make their lives more fulfilled and happier, say nothing about the way their plant would feel. Many studies have been done, proving that plants can reduce stress and anxiety, improve moods, improve your sense of personal worth, and increase the sense of pride and accomplishment. All this being said, why wouldn’t you want to try growing a plant? Whether it’s at home or on your desk at your office, nurturing a plant, can in turn, nurture you!

Praying Mantis are In the House- Greenhouse That Is!

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The little praying mantis emerging from the egg case

A picture further away so you can see the size







I'd noticed this praying mantis egg case on my Euphorbia platycada in my greenhouse, but couldn't believe that's what it was. I've seen egg cases at work, on the plants in the nursery, like burning bush and viburnum, but on a houseplant?! How did a praying mantis get into my greenhouse, which is attached to the house. I've never seen one in there, but obviously I  missed it.





One crawled into the pot next to the Euphorbia







The egg case is about the size of a ping-pong ball. I found one at the nursery (we own an IGC) and showed John and he told me what it was. I didn't really believe him and threw it in the trash can. The next day, we had praying mantis babies all over the office.














This one is an acrobat.




The problem with this whole situation, is that they wont' have anything to eat. Of course, they will probably eat each other. Yikes!



















It was fun to watch them emerge from the egg case, looking just like their parents only much smaller. I think they are the cutest things!





Full grown praying mantis last summer on my garbage can in the garage.

Rabbit's Tracks and Fish Bones

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New leaves unfurling.
Maranta leuconeura kerchoviana

There are two popular prayer plants available in the houseplant industry.Maranta leuconeura kerchoviana, pronounced muh-RAN-tuh loo-ko-NYOOR-uh kerr-CHO-vee-ay-nah, and Marantaleuconeura erythroneura (or ethrophylla). The first is called rabbit's tracks or prayer plant. The second is called herringbone plant, fish bone plant, or tricolor maranta. They both are gorgeous. They do flower but compared to the foliage, the small flowers are insignificant. Because their leaves are horizontal during the day and are vertical during the night, they get the common name prayer plant. 
These plants are in the Order Zingiberales and the family Marantaceae. The marantas were named after 16th century Italian physician and botanist Bartolomeo Maranta 1500-1571.






These plants are easy to grow as long as they have medium to bright light (never full sun) and extra humidity. I grow mine on a pebble tray and it is grouped together with other plants which also raises the humidity. 













Rabbit's tracks



 















Plants in the Marantacae family including calathea, ctenanthe, stromanthe, and maranta, get brown tips from fluoridated water. I live in the metro Detroit area and we definitely have fluoride and chlorine in the water. The chlorine can dissipate when the water is left to sit overnight. Unfortunately that doesn't work for the fluoride, so to avoid the brown tips, use rainwater or distilled water. Low humidity can also cause brown tips.

Maranta leuconeura erythroneura








I love the red stripes on the herring bone variety. I think they are absolutely gorgeous. There is a white veined variety called 'Marisela', but I don't have one. Can you believe it? I better go shopping.....
Herringbone, fishbone, or tricolor maranta

Houseplant Homes

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Bunco prize
I have a lot of houseplants. Big suprise, right? So, consequently, I have a lot of houseplant containers as well. I usually use green pots, but sometimes I like to decorate my own. The container above is one I make quite often and this month I made these for my bunco prizes. 



It was February so I definitely had to paint hearts. I also added a verse as this was my church bunco group. My gift theme was plants and so this was my verse:

Jeremiah 17:7-8

New International Version (NIV)
“But blessed is the one who trusts in the Lord,
    whose confidence is in him.
They will be like a tree planted by the water
    that sends out its roots by the stream.
It does not fear when heat comes;
    its leaves are always green.
It has no worries in a year of drought
    and never fails to bear fruit.”

I added a little extra something with these painted stakes made from knives I purchased at the Salvation Army, which I call plant jewelry.









































Here are a couple more pots I painted. One I made with buttons and the other with stamps called Design Presses that I've had for years.

Button flowers
Pansies-my favorite
















































The key to painting clay pots is sealing the inside of the pot. I simply use Modge Podge for the sealant and acrylic paints for the decorating. I seal the inside and when I'm done painting the outside, I seal that as well. The buttons were glued on with E-600 glue. I painted pots like these for teacher gifts many years ago. After spending a lot of time painting them and then planting them up with pansies, I watered them. The next morning the paint was bubbling off the pot. Clay pots are porous and so the water seeped through the pot and pushed the paint right off. I was so upset. Needless to say, the teachers did not get hand made gifts for the last day of school.
So next time you decide to re-pot some houseplants, decorate your own pots or at the very least, paint them a color which matches your decor. This is something kids would love to do also. Have some fun!

A Welcome Relief from Winter

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Blc. Paradise Jewel Flare
I have been staying with my Mom this week in mid-Michigan. Yesterday we watched as her rural road fill up with blowing snow. The wind an snow was crazy! As the day wore on, my hopes of going to Lansing, which is over an hour away, were slowly being crushed under a mountain of snow. 
I woke up this morning thinking I was going to be snowed in here all day. And then, I heard the snow plow and you've never seen anyone get ready so fast. I was beyond excited! 
As I walked into the Michigan State Plant and Soil Science Conservatory the warmth and intoxicating scent of orchids was just what I needed. I'm sure every other person that walked through that door had the same feelings. It has been an extremely hard, long winter here in Michigan. 
I hope the following pictures uplift you and make your winter blues a little more bearable. It sure lifted my spirits! Enjoy! 
Miltonopsis 'Andrea West'

Denlindleyi
Blc. Toshie Aoki 'Pizzaz


Dendrobium Comet King 'Akatsuka'


Paphiopedilum Fanaticum


Judged display


Sales table/big trouble!


Odm Michael Newman x Joes Drum

Cirr Elizabeth Ann 'Buckleberry'


Paphiopedilum Avalon Love Stone

Chiloschista sweelimii

The orchid above has a flower that is only about 1/4" across. I loved it! 

Rhyncholaeliocattleya Ishpeming

Phrag. (Nicholle Tower x Hanne Popow)

Rhymcholaeliocattleya Ports of Paradise
'Emerald Isle'
Of course, this orchid was one of my favorites. It is green!
Brs. Rex 'Sakata' x longissima 'Starfighter'
Isn't this an amazing orchid? What a blossom spike!
Here is a closer pic of it.

Aliceara matthias
Paphiopedilum Madison River
As I was taking a picture of this amazing blossom, a little boy walked up with his grandpa. He asked if an insect would go down in there. He kept repeating himself, looking for an answer his grandpa didn't have. "Does an insect go down in that, grandpa? Why?" I love when children show an interest in plants. Orchids are a great way to get boys especially, interested in plants. They have crazy shapes and wierd pollinators. One of the displays had a lego theme. There were a couple of little boys taking pictures of that display.  I also saw a lot of college age kids there. It so heartening to see young people showing an interest in plants.

Paphiopedilum Liemianum
I love the hairy edges on these petals. Why are they there? I should have asked. 
Bnfd. Gilded Tower
Paphiopedilum sanderianum
Look at the length of the petals on this orchid! Amazing! And the picture below looks like a person with a hat and a hand on their hip. Do you see it? 
The "hairs" on this one looks like a spider. 
Paphiopedilum fairrieanum
Dendrobium Angel Moon
I so needed this day today. It was so fun and educational. I sat through three classes. One was about buying an orchid, the next about re-potting orchids, and the last one about Phalaenopsis care. Taking classes from people who grow many orchids in their own homes is THE way to learn about orchids. "Straight from the horse's mouth" as they say. I really love all houseplants and learning all I can about them. No one ever knows it all, and certainly not me! 

Houseplants Add Pizzaz!

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As I perused the orchid show displays yesterday, I was happy to see they were using houseplants to enhance their displays. They mixed well with the orchids and filled in the bare spots. Corners were softened and pedestals were anchored to the bare floor.


In the display above, they used a Monstera to soften the corner and two Dracaena marginata were used to fill the spaces between the bottom row of orchids. 

Here an eyelash begonia, Begonia bowerae was used for some color and pattern. Above it is a burgundy bromeliad which matches the color of the patterned leaves of the begonia. They really have an artistic eye! The sheet moss is used to hide the grow pots of all the plants. The green color really helps make a cohesive display. 

How amazing is the striped leaves of the Aechmea bromeliad above? Tucked under the top pedestal to disguise it is a creeping fig, Ficus pumila 'Curly'. On the top shelf a prayer plant, Maranta leuconeura peeks out from under the moss.

On the floor to anchor the pedestal and soften it at the same time are 3 plants with sheet moss. Included is a bird's nest fern, Asplenium nidus, a begonia and another Maranta.
The houseplants only added to the displays and made them more professional looking and artistic. 

Bonsai Lesson

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The $500 bonsai I want.....

 A couple of weeks ago, I went to a bonsai (pronounced bone-sigh) demonstration at a garden center. What does bonsai mean?- Plantings in tray,- from bon, a tray or low-sided pot and sai, a planting or plantings. It was amazing  to see how a bonsai is shaped from the beginning to the end. 


Don't ask me why I love him!
 Okay, on to the demonstration. (I apologize for the quality of the pictures.)

The tree before
  The garden center owner demonstrating the technique, has over 900 plants to pot up and shape into bonsai, as a large shipment had just arrived.  It was unbelievable how quickly he could do this. Practice makes perfect!
The first thing he did was determine which side was going to be the front of the bonsai, and how  it was going to sit in the bonsai pot. The table he is using spins so he can look at all sides without moving around the table umpteen times. A table top lazy-susan would work for the non-bonsai professional.

Figuring out how to situate the plant.
The second thing he did was strip all the leaves off the plant (yes, all of them) so he could see the branch structure. Everyone in the audience gasped when he started ripping all the leaves off. This is a ficus, so they will grow back quickly, but it was shocking to see, all the same. 


He began trimming any branches he felt were unnecessary, which consisted of most of them. When cutting and choosing branches, he told us to choose alternating branches, not opposite. Branches look better in an alternate pattern. Make sure you have large branches on the bottom and smaller branches as you get closer to the top. Bottom branches should also be longer than branches at the middle and top. Then, he began to wire the branches. He has to begin training the plant into the shape he wants it to become while the plant is young and pliable. This is were the artistic vision comes in. One has to have a vision of the tree in the future. Look how different the tree looks already in the picture below. Use your imagination and it looks like a full grown tree, leafless in the winter. The wire should be checked every 1-2 months. If it is allowed to scar the bark, it will always have those scars. The wire will have to be loosened, or more likely, it will have to be re-wired. (Sorry about the boxes and things in the background. I really took all these pictures so maybe I could do this sometime, and then decided to share them with you.)


The wired tree
After trimming all the superfluous branches, he removed the tree from the grow or nursery pot, and removed all the soil from the roots. He used what looked like a small hand cultivator to scratch all the soil away from the root ball, leaving the roots hanging bare.This plant really has had a traumatic day! Leaves ripped off, branches cut, soil removed,  roots chopped......

Determining the container
Next. he had a couple of containers he thought would work and picked the one that the tree and especially the trunk of the tree, looked proportionate in. The bottom branches should barely extend past the rim of the pot. He then trimmed the roots to fit in the pot, cutting off more than 1/2 of the roots. This will not hurt the plant as he removed all the leaves and most of the branches. The roots don't have a lot to support anymore and the root hairs will recover in tandem with the leaves as they grow back.

Placing the tree in the container
Notice how far the soil was up on the trunk of the tree. That soil is removed so the root flare will show in the finished bonsai. It makes the tree look more grounded and old, which is the point of bonsai. The holes in the bottom of the container are covered with mesh so the soil doesn't fall out.  After placing the soilless tree into the container, it is tied into the pot with waxed cotton string. He secures the root ball to the container, threading the string through the holes. Without tying the tree in, it would fall out. The material used to anchor it, will eventually rot after the plant is rooted in firmly.

Working soil in with chopstick. (Sorry blurry)
He filled the container about 1/2 full and placed the tree on top of  it. After placing some of his special bonsai soil on top of the root ball, he uses a chopstick to help work the soil down among the roots of the tree. The soil doesn't need to be shoved down into the  roots, but worked gently down among them.

A last trim
  After settling the soil, he trims all the ends of the branches to force them to sprout more leaves and it will help the leaves grow in smaller in size. Many times when purchasing a bonsai at a big box store, you will find sheet moss or glued rocks on top of the soil. These things should be removed so you can see the soil. Many times you can tell whether a plant needs water by just looking at the color of the soil. The lift test works well also. After watering, lift your plant. This weight is what you should go by when lifting it a couple of days later. If it is much lighter and the color of the soil is different, it is time to water it again.
Soaking the finished tree in a bucket of water
Notice the amount of branches left and the shape of the tree. Soon, the leaves will grow back and the tree will start to take shape.

Finished bonsai Shefflera arbicola








Bonsai used as a tree in a fairy garden


































Small Bougainvillea bonsai


When you get your bonsai home, you need to place it in an East or North window. A South or West window can be too hot and watering would become a huge chore. You need to check your plant everyday for water, and fertilize regularly, as the soil usually has no nutrient value and needs to be fed.
These artistically shaped trees are amazing and I am definitely going to try my hand at this.










Crested form of Euphorbia neriifolia






















Bougainvillea bonsai

Find Some Spring

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We are all tired of winter here in the Midwest. That is putting it mildly....
Well, I have a cure for the winter time blues. Head for your nearest botanical garden conservatory! 

Anna Scripps Whitcomb Conservatory, Belle Isle, Detroit, MI
Show room in Belle Isle Conservatory, Detroit, MI

The fern room at Belle Isle Conservatory, Detroit, MI


My nearest conservatory is on Belle Isle in Detroit. I go as often as I can. I absolutely love it and am so happy it has survived the hard economic times that have plagued Detroit.















  There is nothing to make you feel better about winter. You open the doors and the smell of damp earth and flowers wafts out to greet you. If you can't spend time outside, what could be better at this time of year?
Hidden Lakes Gardens, Tipton, MI




This picture of Hidden Lakes Garden Conservatory was during their spring show. It was so beautiful! Tulips, forced forsythia, amaryllis, hyacinths, and of course, as you can see, colored umbrellas. It was a breath of fresh air!





Kingwood Center, Mansfield, OH






















Kingwood Center, Mansfield, OH




Kingwood Center in Ohio is an amazing garden. I always go in September when the Ohio African Violet Society is having its show and sale. The garden always has a plant sale in the conservatory also. It is a plant filled shopping day!
















New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY



A couple of years ago, I was lucky enough to be able to visit the New York Botanical Garden. I was able to see their display of vertical gardens designed by the French botanist Patrick Blanc. It was phenomenal!









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Lincoln Park Conservatory, Chicago,IL
Garfield Park Conservatory, Chicago, IL















































































































































































































































































































































































































Lincoln Park Conservatory and Garfield Park in Chicago are both beautiful conservatories. Garfield Park was designed by Jens Jensen and as you can see, it is like being out in nature with streams and ponds and the most beautiful plants.








Longwood Gardens, Kennet Square, PA








The piece de resistance of these conservatories is, in my opinion, Longwood Gardens in Pennsylvania. I spent the whole day there and would have slept there if they would have let me. Absolutely unbelievable!








Longwood Gardens, Kennet Square, PA
Frederick Meijer Gardens, Grand Rapids, MI














Frederick Meijer Gardens in Grand Rapids, MI is a relatively new garden, but you wouldn't know it. It has evolved into a beautiful conservatory. The picture was taken when Chihuly pieces were displayed in the garden.
Phipps Conservatory, Pittsburgh, PA
Phipps Conservatory in Pittsburgh is huge! I didn't have much time there, but I will return sometime and really take my time. Even my husband said he could have spent more time there, and that is saying a lot! 
So as this never-ending winter continues, take some time and visit the nearest conservatory. You will be so glad you did!


Zebra Basketvine

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I bought this plant on a whim at a local grocery store. I knew it was an Aeschynanthus, in the Gesneriaceae family. I did not know what its flowers would look like. I didn't really care, as the mottled foliage would have been enough for me. Today, I took it to the sink to water, and low and behold, it is flowering! Not everyone would be excited for these unassuming, greenish/yellowish/orangish, red splotched flowers, but I am. It was blooming on the side that had been facing the window, (makes sense) so I hadn't noticed them until I took it down to water. The flowers also helped me make the correct identification.




































This is the Aeschynanthus longicaulis, formerly marmoratus. Its common names include zebra basketvine, lipstick vine, and basket plant. It originates in Vietnam, Thailand, and Malaysia. These  plants grow as epiphytes, ( a plant that derives its moisture and nutrients from the air and rain and usually grows on another plant) on large trees. Their name comes from the Greek aischyne, meaning shame, and anthos, flower. I don't know why it has anything to do with shame..... anyway, the foliage is a mottled green on top with dark red undersides. The foliage is why I bought it. Quite often, if I like the foliage I'll buy the plant, not caring if it ever flowers. I use the hashtag #whoneedsflowers a lot on my Instagram account.





































As you can see, the flowers are mottled like the foliage, making it hard to notice the flowers. They are tubular, with a slight curve. I love the purple anthers! In your home, they need a bright indirect light, such as an East or West window. Mine is in the East window hanging in an antique bird cage holder. They should be kept evenly moist, growing in a humus rich soil. I really liked the foliage of this plant and was pleasantly surprised when it flowered.


Copper Spoons

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Kalanchoe orygalis

Kalanchoe orygalis or copper spoons is a beautiful succulent with grey undersides and a copper colored topside. The shape of the leaf is definitely spoon like, thus the common name. 
I first saw this plant at a friend's house and was completely enamored. It was some time before I could find one. I don't have a very large one, but it will certainly grow. 


Up close flower






















I went to a greenhouse today and saw a much smaller plant than mine, in bloom. Of course, my plant is in my west window, and unless it gets more light, will probably never bloom. That's okay, though. I really didn't know it bloomed until today.




A large specimen at a greenhouse in flower.
The picture above is of a very large copper spoon blooming. You can tell by the white plastic bucket, that it is very top heavy. The bucket is helping hold it upright.

All Things Green

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If you know me, you know that green is my favorite color. My nails are green, my purse is green, my clothes are green, my vehicle was green...... So I thought today, I would post some green flowers and pics. Happy St. Patrick's Day!
I'll start with 3 plants that definitely represent St. Patty's Day.....

Rhymcholaeliocattleya Ports of Paradise 'Emerald Isle'
'Irish Rose' African violet blossom























'Emerald Love' African violet











'Yukako' African violet

Dendrobium 'Burana Jade'













Begonia 'Baby Dress'



























Green anthurium flower
Dracaena 'Lemon Lime'























'Tiger' Boston Fern

Jade vine




















'Neverfloris' African violet
'River Nile' Begonia leaf





Ficus altissima variegata
Kohleria 'Ampallang'










Bird's Nest Sansieveria



















Philodendron 'Brasil'





















'Frozen In Time' African violet

'Limelight' Dracaena















Cymbidium orchid




























































African violet


A green owl in my crocodile fern
Have a green day!!!

A Kid in a Candy Store

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Blooming succulent
On Sunday, I went on a field trip with the cactus and succulent society to a greenhouse that grows mainly succulents. When I first walked in, it was so nice and warm and spring like. After a couple of hours, it was SUMMER! I forgot what is what like to be that hot.....except during hot flashes! 
I'm going to share some pictures of the plants. If there isn't a caption under the picture, I'm sorry, I don't know the correct identification. This is the second time I've been to this greenhouse and am amazed by the vast variety of succulents. Quite a few were in bloom. Maybe the reason I like them so much,is that a lot of them have orange flowers. The owner loves these plants and is so knowledgeable! I enjoy talking to him and I try to pick up as many tips and tricks as I can. A person who grows these for a living day in and day out knows his plants and there is always something new to learn. Enjoy!

 Euphorbia tirucalli 'Sticks on Fire'
Euphorbia of some type
A plethora of succulents!
Aeonium 'Blushing Beauty'
The plant above was HUGE! Below is a close up.

Aeonium 'Blushing Beauty'
Love these HOT pink flowers.
Crassula perforata 'Variegata'

Echeveria hybrid


Echeveria parva









Graptopetalum?


















Echeveria in bloom

























Crassula pellucida subsp. marginalis 'Variegata'



Aloe hybrid


















Aloe hybrid
















Crassula tecta




Graptopetalum superbum

Haworthia truncata Lime Green























Extra large hybrid watch chain or Crassula












Bulbine frutescens













Pagoda plant-Crassula




























Variegated fairy washboard or Haworthia limifolia variegata






Beautiful container with Kalanchoes, graptopetalum, portulacaria, jade and more.

It's Spring Somewhere!

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I know we've visited the Hidden Lake Garden conservatory before, but I thought we could all use a shot in the arm of color after this ridiculously looooong winter. Here in Michigan, we are ready for some green and warmth, but this is as close as we are getting right now. 
As we entered the show room yesterday, you can imagine from these pictures the aroma that met us. We were in heaven. I hope you enjoy the pictures and it adds a little joy and spring  to your day.
 




























































































A cart full of amaryllis

Amaryllis 'Misty'






















Amaryllis 'Prelude'























Amaryllis 'President Johnson'























Amaryllis 'Flemenco Queen '






















Happy Spring!

You Can't Have Too Many

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We've all heard the saying, "If God gives you lemons, make lemonade". So, when my 'Cathedral Window' begonia fell off its shelf and broke in multiple pieces, I decided to "make some lemonade".
Instead of throwing the pieces in the trash, I decided to try my hand at propagating them. I have to admit, I'm not much of a "maker of new plants". I do start African violets from leaves, and I have stuck some cuttings in water, but not much more than that. I love begonias, so why not......
New leaves growing on the rhizomes.


'Cathedral Window' leaf.



A piece that had leaves on it when it fell off.
I put these rhizomes down on July 2 and by July 29th they were showing signs of growth.
Two pieces of rhizome without leaves

This isn't rocket science, but I just had never done it. It's exciting to take an ugly, broken stem and make new plants. All I did was lay the rhizomes on top of a pot of moist soil and pushed it down so about 1/2 of it was in the soil.






























This is a large piece that still had leaves  on it when it fell off. 























Make sure to put a tag in your plants with the name of the plant and the date you started them.








A leaf with the sun shining through.








This leaf with the sun shining through it makes it obvious why it is called cathedral window.




















This is a leaf that fell off my Kalanchoe orygalis. I just threw it in the pot of my Medinilla and forgot about it. And its growing. How easy is that?




So, the next time you knock a plant down or the cat uses one as a cat toy, try making more. Share them with a friend or start some Christmas gifts.

Begonias at Hidden Lake Gardens

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Begonia masoniana Iron Cross Begonia

 Two weeks ago, we went to Hidden Lake Gardens in Tipton, MI. We were there during their annual Spring show.  You can see those pictures here. In past visits I have taken pictures of the begonia collection. I decided to share those in this post. Many of the begonias have Logee's Greenhouse tags in them. Logee's is a mail order nursery in Danielson, Conn. with a large begonia collection and many of them are represented at Hidden Lake. Another great mail order place is Kartuz Greenhouse. For really great information on begonias, visit Brad's Begonia World page .
Iron cross begonia
The iron cross begonia is a rhizomatous begonia, meaning it grows from stems, (rhizomes) that creep along on the surface of the soil. This type is easily grown from these rhizomes. Cut pieces of them, lay them on the surface of a container of moist soil, pressing them down into the soil a bit so that they have good contact. I use florist pins to pin them down, to ensure they are in contact with the soil. Roots will grow from the stem pieces and send up new leaves from the top side. If your rhizomatous begonias start defoliating, they are either cold sensitive or staying too wet. Most begonias have very shallow root systems, thus needing only a shallow pot. I find that clay pots work well and look good with the begonia foliage.

Begonia 'Mike's Mauve'



'Mike's Mauve' is a rex begonia. These begonias have extremely colorful leaves. Some of the mini rexes need to be kept in a terrarium because their requirements for humidity are so high. All rexes appreciate high humidity, so keeping them on a tray of wet pebbles is a great idea. Do not keep the soil overly wet and good air circulation is essential, as well.

Begonia listada

Begonia listada  is a species begonia, meaning it hasn't gone through hybridization, but is in its natural state as it would be in the wild. It is native to the far south of Brazil. Lisatada is derived from Spanish and means "striped" obviously referring to its leaves.                                
Begonia listada leaf




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'Northern Lights' begonia



























































































































































































































































'Northern Lights' is a rhizomatous begonia and I have one of these at home growing in a large shallow clay pot.

Eyelash begonia- Begonia bowerae
The Begonia bowerae is a rhizomatous begonia. It is a Mexican species, also called eyelash begonia because of the white hairs on the edges of the leaves that look like eyelashes. This is a small begonia that is perfect for a terrarium. 





Begonia x erythrophylla or beefsteak begonia is a very old variety that almost everyone has seen. This is one of those "Oh, my grandma grew one of those" plants. It was hybridized in the mid 1800's and it is quite often passed down through families, not unlike the Christmas cactus.'Bunchii' below is a cultivar of erythrophylla.











Begonia x erythrophylla 'Bunchii'

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Begonia 'Palomar Prince'

Begonia 'Black Velvet'
Begonia schmidtiana - Schmidt begonia




The Begonia schmidtiana, from Brazil, is a very hairy species. This is the species that the semperflorens begonia came from. It needs a warm, bright position out of direct sunlight.











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Begonia ricinifolia 'Immense'
Begonia ricinifolia 'Immense' is a rhizomatous begonia and this one is, as it's name implies, immense! I also have one of these at home, as well, but it isn't immense as this one. The hairy stems add more interest to the plant. Notice them in the picture below.
Begonia 'Immense'
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Begonia 'Chessun'























Begonia 'Di-erna'
The begonia 'Di-erna' is a cane type begonia. It was about 4' tall and had these beautiful large cluster of pink flowers hanging off it. 

Begonia 'Holley Beauty'
Begonia 'Holley Beauty'

As you have seen, begonias are a very colorful and most are easy to grow. I would try a rhizomatous begonia first, as they seem to be the easiest to grow. But, let me warn you now, you won't be able to stop at just one. Soon you'll have a collection of begonias. They are a very diverse group of plants and the more, the better!

Plant By Numbers

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Mossy Falls (Steve Asbell)
 Most people have at least one or two houseplants plopped here or there in their homes. In his new book , Plant by Numbers, though, Steve Asbell demnstrates  how to put houseplants together to make living arrangements. Think of it as a "container" garden for indoors. Use houseplants like you do your spikes, geraniums, and ivy as your "thriller, filler, and spiller". It can be difficult to put plants together that have the same water and light requirements, but in this book, Steve shows us how to do just that. It is as easy as A, B, C!

Femme Fatale(Steve Asbell)
 We've all had one of those dish gardens given as a gift or from a funeral, at one time or another. Those small plants become huge and quite often high light plants are planted with low light plants or moisture loving plants with cactus. Also, they never have drainage holes. We are set up for failure from the beginning. 
The first part of the book deals with the basics of plant care. How much light do I have?- or not have? How do I raise the humidity? How much space do I have? What is the average temperature in my home? How do I plant my container and keep it looking good? What kind of soil do I use for the plants I am using? How do I handle problems that come along, like insects and diseases?
The second part of the  book is where the fun begins. Steve gives you the recipes for making the containers. The recipe includes the shopping list with common and botanical names of the plants. If you can't find the specific plants he recommends, he has alternative options for you to choose from. How could you fail?


Pink Limeade (Steve Asbell)

 Steve likens these houseplant combinations to "works of living art. Colorful plants are your palette, with patterns, textures and shapes. But what really makes painting with plants exciting is having the opportunity to work with a growing and changing medium." 

Jungle Glow (Steve Asbell)
  If you don't find a combination you like, Steve has lists of plants that you can pick from according to the conditions you have in your house. I love these lists! A few examples are edible houseplants, trailing and vining houseplants, lime colored plants, silver plants, pink plants, plants for low light, plants that like it sunny and dry, or sunny and moist. He has a list of plants for every condition you can think of. He also tells you to listen to your plants. Growing healthy plants depends on being a good listener. Visual cues are yellowing leaves, dropping leaves, and pests. You need to pay attention to these things and deal with them immediately. If you have to let the plant go, don't beat yourself up. It happens. 
Lime and Coconut (Steve Asbell)
 So, if you've had bad luck with houseplants in the past, don't wait to read Steve's book. 
And that's where the best part comes in. I am giving away Steve's book, right here!  Leave a comment below telling me your favorite houseplant and why.  Then, on April 15, yes, the dreaded tax day, I will pick a winner with random.org.  I figured we could use something good to think about on tax day. Entries must be received by 8 pm April 15. I will contact the winner via email and if you do not respond within 3 days, you forfeit the book and I will choose someone else. Remember to leave your e-mail in the comment so I can contact you. Thanks! 

The White Lily of Hope and Life

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On this Easter weekend, it is fitting to talk about the Easter Lily. At this time of year, they are in every florist and garden center. Even if there are other plants to buy, tradition drives us to buy the lily. Why is the lily the symbol of this season? It represents the resurrection of Jesus. The lily rises out of the soil and blooms beautifully, those we buy at Easter being forced to do just that at just the right time. The Easter lily, Lilium longiflorum is native to Japan and most were grown there for shipment to the U.S. until World War II. Then the U.S. started growing the bulbs themselves. Most of them are raised on the California/Oregon border. It is known as the Easter Lily Capital of the World. It takes 3-4 years to grow the bulb from bulblet to shipping size.  The bulbs are then shipped to greenhouses all over the U.S. to grow and force for Easter.  According to the U.S.D.A, Michigan produces the highest number of plants. Go Michigan!! The hard part is forcing them to bloom for Easter which changes every year. The first Sunday that follows the first full moon after the vernal equinox is Easter Sunday. This could occur any Sunday between March 22 and April 25. This keeps the growers on their toes. Poinsettias are always needed on the same date every year, as are Valentine's roses.

Many stories circulate concerning the story behind the Easter lily. One is that lilies were found growing in the Garden of Gethsemane after Christ's time there praying. The lilies sprung up where his drops of sweat fell on the ground in his final hours. Churches use these flowers to decorate sanctuaries at this time of the year. They represent hope and life: the eternal  life that Jesus gave to us by his death and resurrection. 




How do you take care of them when you get them home? First, remove the yellow anthers before the pollen starts to shed. The flowers will last longer and not stain you, your clothes, or the white flower petals. Keep your lily in a cool,bright place and keep them moderately moist. If it comes in a decorative sleeve, empty it after watering or take it out of the sleeve to water and let it drain before replacing it. 
After flowering and the chance of frost is past, you can plant your lily outside. Plant the bulb at least 3 inches below the soil surface. Next year, it will bloom at the time it would normally bloom if not forced, which is in the summer months. They like their head in the sun and their roots in the shade. This means a nice layer of mulch is essential. Here in Michigan, I would probably make sure they have a good thick layer of mulch for the winter, as well. 
Next time you see an Easter lily, I hope you think of it more than just a nice white flower.


 Easter morn with lilies fair
Fills the church with perfumes rare,
As their clouds of incense rise,
Sweetest offerings to the skies.
Stately lilies pure and white
Flooding darkness with their light,
Bloom and sorrow drifts away,
On this holy hallow'd day.
Easter Lilies bending low
in the golden afterglow,
Bear a message from the sod
To the heavenly towers of God.
-Louise Lewin Matthews



The Easter Lily, purest white,
Seems illuminated by a holy light;
Glowing with grace of the risen Lord,
It stands supreme in the dark of night.
A symbol of One who defeated death
To reign in power above all strife,
To beckon all who will believe
And offer them eternal life.
The debt of my sins has been crucified,
Because Christ lives, I too shall live -
All praise and glory to his blessed Name!
The Easter Lily, so pure and white,
Represents Jesus, the risen Lord;
He stands supreme as the one, true God;
My Savior is worthy
To be loved and adored!
- Connie Faust

Honeydew Isn't Always a Melon

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Honeydew dripping from a Schefflera
I can spot a houseplant problem "a mile away". It's true. Of course, the whole girl scout troop had head lice in 2nd grade, (19 years ago), and I can still spot them "a mile away", too. Lol!
 I'm going to do a couple of posts about different insect pests of houseplants. So many people aren't sure what is bothering their houseplants. I'd like to help  identify the problems and the ways to solve them. I'm going to start with the insect and mite problems and then will attempt to tackle the diseases and other disorders. So, here we go.
When you have shiny, sticky leaves on your houseplants, it usually means you have a pest problem, unless someone has recently spilled honey or some such substance on your plant. Let me expound on this. 
On the following plants you will notice a shiny substance. If you touched it, you would find it is sticky, as well. This is the excretion (yes, it is what you are thinking) from certain insects. It comes from scale, mealybugs, and aphids. The first is a soft scale which are the brown spots you see in the following pictures. There are insects living under the brown covering and  they are sucking the juices from your plants and slowly killing them. They then excrete the leftovers and it is deposited on your plants and if the infestation is large enough, on your floors and carpeting. Yuck!


Sticky honeydew on scale infested staghorn fern.


Scale on Schefflera arbicola

Hemispherical scale and honeydew on a bird's nest fern


As you can see from these pictures, these scale like ferns and schefflera, but also love ficus, palms, and many other plants. Scale are very hard to get under control. We will talk about control after we talk about the next insect.








My brother sent me the picture below, asking if there was any hope for this palm. I told him it was pretty bad. Not only does it have scale, it has spider mites, which most people usually miss. Unfortunately, they are quite obvious on this plant, but we will talk about them later. The spots on the stem are the scale insects.

Scale as well as spider mites on a palm plant (Photo by Keith Eldred)
The second pest is mealybugs. They are extremely slow moving insects which like to hide in crevices and under leaves. When it gets as bad as the pictures below, it is VERY hard to eradicate them. In fact, in my experience, mealybugs are the hardest pest to control in the indoor garden.The plant pictured is a jade plant and it would seem that they are mealybug magnets. Actually, they love all succulents. The pictures aren't showing them hiding, as these plants have very large infestations. They were hiding, but now have revealed themselves in a big way. 

Mealybugs on jade plant




Notice the large mealybug near the top of the picture.



































































Mealybugs and cryptolaemus on strelitzia






































Honeydew on heliconia
How do you eradicate these plant juice sucking insects? One way is to get some cotton swabs, dip them in rubbing alcohol, and touch each one of the insects. The alcohol dries them out and removes their protective coating. Another solution and it can be used in combination with the alcohol, is neem oil. I use a product called Rose Rx which is neem oil and it seems to help keep them under control. The oil smothers the insects. If these remedies do not work, a systemic insecticide may be your next step. I use Bonide Houseplant insecticide which has a very low percentage of the insecticide imidicloprid. The product, placed in the soil, moves through the plant when it is watered. The insects then chew on the plant and they die. I wouldn't recommend using this on plants your cats or dogs would chew on or where children are present.
Cryptolaemus destroying mealybugs


Cryptolemus larvae or mealybug killer




If you would like to use a biological control, there are a few different choices. Cryptolaemus, the mealybug destroyer, is an insect that eat the mealybugs in the immature and mature stages of their lives. They are black/tan lady beetles, but I only have pictures of the larval stage. They were imported from Australia in 1891 to control citrus mealybugs in California. They control citrus and long tailed mealybugs and some scale. I have only ever seen these in greenhouse settings, never in a home, but I'm sure they would work anywhere. The only downside to this, is that this control measure involves more insects. I'm sure some people would rather not introduce more insects into their homes. Another biological is the parasitic wasp, Leptomastix dactylopii. They attack citrus mealybug and do not usually control the other varieties of mealybug. They are native to Brazil and were introduced to America in 1934-35. These are good at finding low populations of mealybugs, so if you have a small problem, these are a good control measure. 
If it is scale you are fighting, the red scale exterminator, Aphytis melinus are parasites of California red scale, San Jose scale, and oleander scale. The purple scale parasite, Rhizobius lophanthae, is a small black lady beetle which will eat both the larvae and adult scales. They also will eat mealybugs. You can find these predators at biological control mail order sources. 
Lets try to use the least toxic control for the insects on our houseplants. We want to definitely be conscious of the products we use in our homes and on our plants. Yet, we also don't want to lose our fern from great-grandma that is irreplaceable. Try the least toxic control, and if that isn't working, try something else. If you don't want to use chemicals, then you have to decide whether the plant is important enough keep fighting the insects or just throw the plant away and call it a day. 



Put Plant Health First

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 So, I've had some controversy on my last post about insects on your houseplants. First, the use of imidicloprid was brought into question. Of course, I am not telling you to run out and  buy an insecticide and use it on every plant you have to kill everything in sight and out of sight. I always try the least toxic solution first. This includes using soap and alcohol, or neem oil in the form of Rose Rx. Now, if that doesn't work, I will use a houseplant insecticide. Some of my plants are over 30 years old and belonged to my great-grandma. I am not going to lose those plants to scale or mealybug.  I have also listed the biological controls that one could choose to use in their home. Whereas this may seem contradictory to some, these bugs are the good guys. They destroy the bad guys and the plus is that you don't have to use insecticides in your home.  After those good bugs have eradicated the bad bugs, they won't take over your home. In fact, without something to eat, they will probably die.

A well grown crown of thorns
The number one thing to remember is that a healthy houseplant is a happy houseplant. A healthy houseplant also is much better able to ward off insect pests and disease. That being said, everyone is going to deal with pests at one time or another. Bringing houseplants home from a store or even a  friend's house can bring unwanted visitors into your home. Even if a plant looks pest free, quarantining your plant from your other plants isvery important. Four to six weeks should be long enough to allow any pest or pest eggs that are lurking to show themselves. Checking your plants on a regular basis for insects can help prevent them from becoming a problem. Every time you water, take time to inspect your plants. Look under the leaves and in the areas where the leaf petiole meets the plant stem. Insects love to hide in these areas. Keeping them clean is extremely important. A dusty, dirty plant is blocked from photosynthesizing, preventing the production of  food they must have to live and grow. I like to put my plants in the shower on occasion. Of course, this only works for the ones I can lift. The other plants are washed with a sponge and mildly soapy water. I like to use Ivory dish soap or Murphy's Oil Soap. Using a de-greasing dish soap can mar the foliage of some plants.
Refreshing their soil, or re-potting them on a regular basis is also beneficial. The growing media your plant is growing in can break down and disintegrate over time. Giving them new soil can be like fertilizing the plant. It gives them renewed vigor and strength. 
Another way to ensure your houseplant stays happy and healthy is to place your plant in the right light for the plant you are growing. A high light plant growing in low light is a stressed plant. And just as stressful is a low light plant growing in high light.

Crossandra
Watering your houseplant correctly is also a huge factor in the health of your plant. Too much water can suffocate your plant and rot the roots. Not enough water can shrivel your roots and your plant will wilt. It may come back from being under watered, but it still takes its toll on the plant's health. 
And lastly, air circulation is a plus. I have a ceiling fan running 24/7 in my greenhouse and in my African violet room. Pests do not like wind and by running a fan, the stems of your plants are strengthened. This also helps prevent diseases such as powdery mildew and fungal diseases that can result from wet leaves.
Just remember, healthy plants are pest and disease resistant plants. Try to nip those problems and pests in the bud before they negatively affect your plants.

Orchids in Miniature

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Frame for my mounted orchids

I have many orchids, but most of them fit on 4 frames like the one above. I have so many houseplants that when it came to orchids, I decided to collect the miniature varieties. 
I made the frames when I started ruining the cupboards with water damage. The frames keep the orchids from touching the woodwork, and I thought they were a cute idea. My daughter keeps her earrings on hers. Most are mounted on cork bark which comes from the cork oak tree, Quercus suber. The tree does not have to be cut down to harvest the cork, nor does it hurt the tree. It will grow back and can be harvested again, usually up to 9 times in the life of the tree. Some are also mounted on tree fern stem pieces. They come from the tree fern Dicksonia fibrosa, native to New Zealand.
Leptotes pohlitinocoi
Blooming today, I have a Leptotes (Lep-TOH-teez) pohlitinocoi. It hails from the rainforests of Bahia, Brazil. It needs medium to bright light with cool to warm temperatures. It is best mounted, which mine is. It is mounted on cork bark and its roots are surrounded with sphagnum moss. While reading about it, I learned a new work. It has terete leaves, which means cylindrical, which you can see in the pictures.


Closeup of the flower
All 0f my mounted orchids are hanging on the sides of the cupboards in my west kitchen window. I haven't had all of them bloom, or re-bloom, but I also buy some of them for their interesting foliage, so I'm not too bummed. They are just so small and cute!
I do soak them once a week in the sink and then hang them back up. They probably would like to be soaked more often, but they are right above the sink, so they get quite a bit of extra humidity.


Baptistonia echinata flowers

A reliable bloomer for me is the orchid above.  It is Baptistonia echinata and is also known as the bumble bee orchid because of the flowers' resemblance to that insect. It hasn't bloomed this year because I took it out of the pot and mounted it on a piece of cork. It also hails from Brazil.
Baptistonia echinata



Haraella odorata



This is by far my most reliable bloomer. It has bloomed every year since I bought it. It reminds me of a pansy flower.  It's name odorata lets you know the flowers have a scent, but as small as it is, I've not noticed it. This comes from Taiwan.
























Dendrobium lichenastrum



Dendrobium lichenastrum

The Dendrobium lichenastrum was blooming when I purchased it, but hasn't bloomed since. I think it is such a cute little plant, I don't care. It would be nice, but its fine without flowers. This orchid is native to Australia and its common name there is the button orchid.





























































These diminutive orchids certainly aren't going to give you the wow you get from the Cattleya, Phalaenopsis, and other large flowered orchids, but they do have a place in my home. I love those big flowered orchids as well, but there is just something special about these little plants. Next time you are at an orchid show, don't ignore these small bloomers. Remember, "Good things come in small packages!"

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